Muhammad Nabil Al Mahdhy

1EA18

1. Definite Article

2. Indefinite Articles

3. Zero Article (without a, an, the)

A, an and the (articles) are words which used to limit the meaning of noun.

·Articles consist of definite, indefinite and zero article which means without articles.

I. Definite Article                                                                           

Definite article is used for specific thing or refer to a person, an object, or a particular idea that have been mentioned previously.

I 1.The

·      “The” is used for definite article.

·      “The” is placed before a countable noun nor an uncountable noun.

Examples :

1.    I usually read the book in a bus when I go to school.

2.    The library that I just visited is cozy.

3.    He was the man who never lied.

II. Indefinite Articles

·      Indefinite article is used to a noun which does not refer to a person, an object, or a particular idea, but instead refers to the person, thing, or idea in general.

·      “A” and “an” are used for indefinite article.

·      Those words are placed before singular countable noun.

II. 1.A

·  “A” is used for something that is not necessarily and only for a singular noun that can be calculated.

·  “A” used before words that begin with consonants such as b, c, d, g, p.

Examples :

1.    I have a pen.

2.    The squirrel live in a tree.

3.    The cat eat a rat.

II. 2.An

1.      “An” have the same meaning as a.

2.      An” used before words that begin with the letters / vowels such as a, e, i, o, or u.

3.      “An” also can be used in front of words that begin with the letter "h". For example is “hotel”, this word actually starts with the vowel "o". So, we need to use an.

Examples :

1. I have been waiting you for an hour.

2. He got an Oscar’s trophy last year.

3. We will make an invention.

III.     Zero Article (without a, an, the)

·      Zero article means we don’t have to use articles (a, an, the) for a noun.

·      Several kinds of noun that doesn’t or can’t use the articles (without a, an, the), are languages, sports, academic subjects, etc.

Examples :

1. Can you speak Japanese?

2. That children played football.

3. My favorite subject is math.

Muhammad Nabil Al Mahdhy

1EA18

1. Aktive Form

2. Pasive Form

Active Form

In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.

Passive Form

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.

Present Simple :

·         Active :

·         Verb 1 (+s/es)

·         Once a week, Tom cleans the house.

Passive :

·         Is/am/are + verb 3

·         Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

·         Present Continous :

·         Active :

·         Is/ame/are + verb ing

·         Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.

Passive :

·         Is/am/are + being + verb 3

·         Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

·         Present Perfect :

·         Active :

·         Has/have + verb 3

·         Many tourists have visited that castle.

Passive :

·         Has/have + been + verb 3

·         That castle has been visited by many tourists.

Muhammad Nabil Al Mahdhy

1EA18

1.   Some and Any

2.   Much and Many

3.   A lot of and Few

Some/any

The words some and any are used when the speaker cannot specify or does not need/want to specify a number or an exact amount. Compare the following sentences:

- I saw seven deer when riding my bike in the forest yesterday. (It is important that you know how many deer I saw.)
- I saw some deer when riding my bike in the forest yesterday. (I don't know exactly how many deer I saw. Or: It is not important that you know exactly how many deer I saw.)

The "rules" that follow apply also to words containing some and any: somebody/anybody, something/anything, etc.

In general, some is used in positive sentences:

1.      I got some nice present for Hilma party tonight.

2.      This job is going to take some time.

3.      Look! There are some large black birds on the roof of the Lisa house.

4.      You have some butter on your chin.

5.      If you hungry, there are some biscuit in the cupboard.

In general, any is used in negative sentences and questions:

1.      I looked in the cupboard by I couldn’t find any biscuit.

2.      I don’t need any help.

3.      She’s so rude. No wonder she dosen’t have any friends.

4.      I don’t have anything to wear to the dance.

5.      Im not hungry. I don’t want anything to eat.

Much and many

We use much with singular uncountable nouns and many with plural nouns:

[talking about money]

I haven’t got much change. I’ve only got a ten euro note.

Are there many campsites near you?

Questions and negatives

We usually use much and many with questions (?) and negatives (−):

Is there much unemployment in that area?

How many eggs are in this cake?

Do you think many people will come?

It was pouring with rain but there wasn’t much wind.

There aren’t many women priests.

Affirmatives

In affirmative clauses we sometimes use much and many in more formal styles:

There is much concern about drug addiction in the US.

He had heard many stories about Yanto and he knew he was trouble.

In informal styles, we prefer to use lots of or a lot of:

I went shopping and spent a lot of money.

Not: I went shopping and spent much money

See also:

Lots, a lot, plenty

Much of, many of

When we use much or many before articles (a/an, the), demonstratives (this, that), possessives (my, your) or pronouns (him, them), we need to use of:

How much of this book is fact and how much is fiction?

Claude, the seventeenth-century French painter, spent much of his life in Italy.

Unfortunately, not many of the photographers were there.

How many of them can dance, sing and act?

A lot of and a few

A lot of and lots of are used to express that there is a large quantity of something.

We use a lot of in positive sentences, negative sentences and questions. This expression can be used with countable or uncountable nouns.

• There are a lot of dogs in the street. (Countable noun)
• I have a lot of time to answer your questions. (Uncountable noun)
• I saw a lot of people waiting in the queue. (Countable)
• We did have a lot of fun, didn't we? (Uncountable)

We use lots of in positive and negative sentences, however it is more informal. It can be used with countable or uncountable nouns, and occasionally in questions.

• We have lots of time to catch the plane, let's relax. (Uncountable noun)
• There are lots of people in the queue today. (Countable)
• Oh my, you have spent lots of money on clothes! (Uncountable)
• I have lots of questions. (Countable)

She has a lot of money = She has lots of money

We use a few and a little to suggest a small quantity or not much of something.
A few is used with countable nouns (= some; not many)
A little is used with uncountable nouns (= some; not much)

• There are only a few days left until Christmas. (Countable noun)
• I have a few crazy friends. (Countable noun)
• I would like a little milk for my coffee. (Uncountable noun)
• There is little hope of finding your wallet. (Uncountable noun)

While Few and Little usually have negative meanings, especially when used with very.

• He is sad because he has few friends. (Countable noun)
• There are few honest politicians. (Countable noun)
• There is little hope of finding your wallet. (Uncountable noun)
• They have very little knowledge about politics. (Uncountable noun)

Muhammad Nabil Al Mahdhy

My Experience

This experience can never forget in my life. I also don't know why it happened and every time I remember this, I always laugh. It was very embarrassing at once memorable in my life until now. My friends laugh all day because of this incident. On the same day I got the nickname as Mr. clumsy. Even to this day my friends still remember how it happened.

At that time I was 8 years old. My friends and I were playing on the playground. We played a game of hide and seek. We played happily. Until, it was my turned to look for them. I was looking for them one by one and managed to find it. However, one of my friend named Atung was very clever in hiding. I could not find him. Then I kept looking for him

.

I remembered that Atung wearing a red shirt and blue pants. As I passed the elephant statue in the park, I saw a kid wearing a red shirt and blue pants. Without thinking, I immediately approached him. After getting close, I pulled him and took him to my friends. I wanted to tell them that I had managed to find him. However, I became silent, when I saw Atung was near my friends. He greeted me “hey why did not you find me?” I was confused. Then I saw my friends laugh. Then I looked to the children who I drag from near the elephant statue. I was surprised that it was not Atung but he was someone else wearing the same clothes.
shame and a little surprised to be.

The incident happened a long time indeed, but we always talk about the incident as a joke. Do not be easily offended is the key, because i know some things like this that can make our friendship well maintained until now.

Thank you

PERSONAL DESCRIPTION

MUHAMMAD NABIL ALMAHDHY

1EA18

PERSONAL DESCRIPTION

  Assalamulaikum Warohmatullahi Wabarokatu. Hi, my name is Muhammad Nabil Al Mahdhy. You can call me Nabil. I was born in jakarta 01 june 1998.  My family and I live at jalan serengseng sawah gg. Langgar steet number 100, jagakarsa, jakarta selatan.  In my house my parents and my sisters.  My father name is Muhammad Nuh. He worked in pt telkom Indonesia. He works from 8 am to 5 am. And my mother name is Dewi Candra Nila Ayu. she was a house wife. But she is also an online merchant. She sells instant hoods( bergo hoods). And my sister name is Chansa Auliana Azzahara. She school in MTSN 8 jakarta.

  Im studied in Gunadarma University, Economy Management majors. Im from 242 national junior high school, and kartika 81 senior high school. My hobbies are swimming, gym, playing game and watching video on youtube. But i do this if there is spare time. I usually do my hobby on the week end. If I went to college I didnt not have time to do my hobbies. I like the Gym because I could spend a lot of sweat, and I really love swimming because it keeps me fresh and happy. Two things that can make me forget the stress.

Basides I also like motorcycles, food and treavel. My favorite bike is triumph 1200 cafe racer, but i have no money to buy this bike. I like the triumph body. Clasic cafe racer is my favorite form of Triumph motorcycle. My favorite food is fried duck, chiken satay, indomie goreng and sushi. I really like indomie goreng cause Indomie has the richest flavour among other instant noodles and this nodles has a unique flavor. With a characteristic flavour and a delicious taste, Indomie brings me happiness. I like satay and fried duck cause the food is delicious. And my favorite place raja ampat in Papua, yeah although I have never been there. I hope I can go there after I went to Mekkah